Top Music Memoir Essay Samples Guide!

Top Music Memoir Essay Samples Guide! Choosing Good Music Memoir Essay Samples Normally, these narratives support a pre-determined theme and establish some type of objective. Experiment till you find the 1 story that wishes to be told, the 1 experience that actually fashioned you. Whatever your theme is, if you're ready to touch upon any of those desires or fears, anyone reading it is going to be in a position to recognize. Your writing should help it become feasible to clearly observe the setting, characters and their interactions. It frequently is the secret to a creative writer's laboratory. Therefore, after looking through these examples of memoirs, you have a fairly good idea of the way to compose your own papers within this genre. While writing one can be challenging, it can likewise be a cathartic experiences to set your memories on paper. The Rise of Music Memoir Essay Samples 1 song may have a good affect on each individual differently. If you're not a gray-haired old man, it's still true that you have something to inform the reader. If you wish to tell a scenario once you felt fear or anxiety, there's a fine place to place a flashback to create readers understand you better then, do it also. Something light and delicate is set in your palm. From time to time, very good stories come from a typical event. Our different personalities cause people to dislike any song they can't connect to. Men and women dislike certain sorts of music since they can't relate or delight in the sound. Don't ignore an ideal story idea simply to spare the feelings of different men and women. Where to Find Music Memoir Essay Samples Discuss what you do to live the life you need and how other men and women have influenced your viewpoint. It is very important to be aware that early on, considering how many individuals regularly look at the two to be interchangeable. Another thing to consider is that there are lots of great teachers without huge bestselling books to their credit score. You're father is having a good deal of problems on the job. Write about your distinctive and significant personal experiences and make sure your chosen event is well worth mentioning within this paper. The objective of the business alone makes this one of the best essay services. There are a lot of things that publishers look out for when determining whether they'll get a memoir. Everything is based on the quantity of information which you use, totally free time which you have, and literary skill levels. Finding Music Memoir Essay Samples A memoir does not have to be pure history. Memoirs aren't exactly fiction novels, but they should have all the exact same elements of a fantastic story. Both memoirs and individual narratives are stories of a true person's experiences, but they're not entirely alike. The distinction is that an autobiography spans your whole life, and a memoir focuses on one definite moment or set of moments around a theme. Memoirs have existed for a very long moment. An autobiography usually spans an individual's full life, though a memoir may concentrate on a specific time or place in the writer's life. It is the story of an entire life, but a memoir is just one story from that life. Since you may see, it isn't so hard to compose a memoir if you obey our steps. Memoirs generally have a story structure. The capitalistic social order imposed a feeling of individualism. A whole lot more courage is essential to act beyond expectations. From time to time, it can be difficult to grasp all intriguing moments in your life that you wish to describe. My rebellion was for a superb course. A Startling Fact about Music Memoir Essay Samples Uncovered Personal writing should appear honest. You may ask different people that you know to read over your memoir essay since they will help you produce the necessary corrections. If you're interested in sharing your own personal experiences through writing, look at learning more on the subject of the memoir essay. It's not essential to tell readers your complete biography, but your essay needs to be clear. Obviously, you may use these memoir ideas, but reading these samples may also provide you enough inspiration to come up with your own paper from the very start. Although having thoughtful discussions on any book can be beneficial, you need to seek out clubs whose specialty is in memoirs and biographies. A superb writing advice contains a list of a number of common writing mistakes to avoid when you're writing your memoir. You also ought to decide on a particular time for writing exercises. The Characteristics of Music Memoir Essay Samples You may use the sample for a foundation for your own creation. Significantly, find the proper slant to spell out your story and the body paragraphs will surely flow. Think of how your text might help people solve their problems. Think about adding stories ahead of your birth.

Lady Josephine And Sir Bonaparte Descriptive Essay

As an up-and-coming artist I found myself in a peculiar situation - the sight of a white canvas and a paint brush in my hand induced an unbearable state of boredom. So I sat out on a quest, searching for the perfect muse to rejuvenate my artistic spirit. Diligently I explored every aspect of society and within six months my inspiration sauntered into my life. Afterwards, I spend an-other month soul searching before I finally made two life altering decisions. Now, all I needed to do is have a chat with my mother. Bright and early Sunday morning, I arrive at the family’s country estate, Whispering Breeze, and find my mother relaxing on the veranda. Since she insists on formality, I greet her with the proper salutations, and†¦show more content†¦It reeks of immaturity. Thus, I assume you played numerous rounds of eeny, meeny, miny, moe, before deciding to slither into the dark shadows of society and forsake your social ranking. Have you no idea what your unor-tho dox behavior has done?† â€Å"What has it done?† â€Å"Brought shame upon the ancestral name?† It would have been useless to give reasons for my decisions, so I flippantly say, â€Å"Whitney, as I recall, five horse thieves, seven drug smugglers, three prostitutes and hordes of corrupt politi-cians hang from the West family tree. Honestly; no one will notice a college dropout or a tattoo artist perched upon one of its branches.† Patiently, I explained that Tommy would be my mentor during a three year apprenticeship program. However, when I mention Tommy believed I had the potential to become the greatest ink icon of my generation, because of my freehand techniques, Whitney came unglued. And con-temptuously lambasted me with every negative adjective in her vocabulary and her favorite ‘im-petuous’ she used redundantly. In spite of her accusations, I gently reassured her that my actions weren’t whimsical. And then respectfully, mentioned h ow Michelangelo had used paint and brush on a ceiling, to create a masterpiece, consequently only a few million people a year cast their eyes on his magnum opus. Whereas, a tat artist uses a tattoo gun and ink on every inch of human skin, therefore, millions can view this

American Dream Essay - 3358 Words

THE AMERICAN DREAM THE AMERICAN DREAM Section #1 a. The impact cultures in North America have on the United States is that each region adapted the traditions and/or beliefs of those who settled in that area by maintaining dance, music, and crafts. Many English settlers did not respect the Native American cultures, and were seen as uncivilized and/or savages. Basically there was a clash of cultures, with new ideas pushing away old ways and mayor cultures oppressing others. b. Immigration and migration shape the early United States, for example: The first person to be processed at Ellis Island was Annie Moore who arrived from Ireland on January 1, 1892. As the first immigrant Annie Moore was given a $10 gold piece. She soon†¦show more content†¦Keeping the country together and having the Civil War solved the issues. Furthermore finding a balance between the state rights and federal power. f. Women’s political activities in the United States in the mid-19th century with those in the colonial era, were woman faced many limitations. In the American Revolution women enlarged their position being charged of farms, business, etc. By the mid 19th century, women were entering a different part of the workforce. They were beginning factory work. Laws allowing married women to own property separate from their husbands came into play. g. One innovation that affected how Americans worked and lived was the light bulb changed the times that Americans could be awake and active, either at leisure or at work. The effects of this innovation was to Illuminate a room without dangerous candles, turn the lights on and off quickly, it can burn for 40 hours, and you wont have to replace a light bulb as often as you replace candles. This will lead to more thread and textile production. h. The successes and failures of the Civil War and Reconstruction in the extending civil rights to African Americans included the right to vote being given to African Americans, but failures included Jim Crow. Laws that attempted to remove such rights. After the Civil War aShow MoreRelatedThe American Dream By Kimberly Amadeo1637 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, a large number of people migrate to the United States to work and achieve the American Dream. According to the Article â€Å"What is the American Dream?† by Kimberly Amadeo, â€Å"The American Dream was first publicly defined in 1931 by James Truslow Adams in Epic of America. Adam’s often-repeated quote is, ‘The American Dream is that dream of land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.’† There are many peopleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie The American Dream 754 Words   |  4 Pages Nyreel Powell Ms. Jones American Literature 1 June 2015 The American dream in A Raisin in the Sun Have you ever had a dream and it didn’t come how you wanted it to be? Have you ever had accomplishments that you wanted to achieve but people were getting in the way of them? The four main characters in this book all have good dreams but there are people in the way of getting to those dreams or their dream is too high to accomplish. 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Jischke in â€Å"The American Dream,† â€Å"the American dream is the ‘dream of a land†¦with opportunity for each according to the ability or achievement’† (75). Because the qualities of an individual are unique, the measurement of success varies. Improvement in any sense must be sparked by a window of hope at a richer life. The American Dream is easily attainable whenRead MoreStephen Crane s American Dream1264 Words   |  6 PagesStephen Crane’s American Dream The American Dream was first defined In 1931 by James Truslow Adams. He described it by writing, â€Å"The American Dream is that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement,† in his book entitled Epic of America. He continues to describe, â€Å"that it is not a dream of motor cars and high wages merely, but a dream of social order in which each man and each woman shall be

Type 2 Diabetes A Silent Killer - 1419 Words

Type 2 diabetes is a silent killer that often has no symptoms. Diabetes is a life-long chronic disease that affects your whole body. Being overweight, eating unhealthy, and not exercising leads to a lot of health complications that may increase your risk of type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle choices such as healthy foods and moderate physical activity are important for an individual to stay healthy. Practicing a healthy lifestyle is essential in preventing the development of type 2 diabetes. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Nine out ten people do not know they have prediabetes. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, fifteen to thirty percent of people with prediabetes will develop type 2 diabetes within five years.†¦show more content†¦The glucose builds up into the bloodstream instead of moving into your cells. The pancreas will try to keep up with the body and make extra insulin to keep your blood glucose levels normal. Overtime your pancreas will not be able to keep up and make enough insulin for your body. This is called being insulin resistant. Diabetes is caused by a problem in the way your body makes or uses insulin. Insulin is needed to move glucose into cells, where it is stored and later used for energy. When glucose builds up in the blood instead of going into the cells it can cause two problems. Cells are in need for energy and high blood glucose levels occur affecting many major organs, including your heart, blood vessels, nerves, eyes , and kidney. Practicing a healthy lifestyle can help prevent health complications. Moderate physical activity and incorporating a healthier diet can stop an individual from getting type 2 diabetes. First of all, an unhealthy lifestyle can lead to many health problems. The lack of physical activity and poor diet can lead to obesity. Becoming obese will put an individual at risk for many health complications such as type 2 diabetes. Obesity is defined as an excessively high amount of body fat in relation to lean body mass (Signorino and Winter 2008). According to, Nath, Heemels, et al., there is a growing number of children that are being diagnosed with obesity related type 2 diabetes. Obesity and type 2 diabetes

Should Marijuana Be Legalized - 971 Words

Economic analysts from all over the United States have predicted that we spend $20 billion dollars a year to fight a senseless war on marijuana. According to the United Nation over 94 million people in the United States have admitted to using marijuana at least once. This number is not shocking, because marijuana is a safe and harmless drug. Marijuana is used for several different medical purposes. It is also healthier than already legalized drugs. The prohibition on marijuana is failing, there is no valid evidence that it decreases drug use. People view marijuana in a negative light, because of the propaganda and bias opinions they have heard their whole life. If people would wake up and open their eyes, they will realize the legalization†¦show more content†¦The United States Government Accountability Office noted Marijuana can be used to treat 16 different medical syndromes from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to even cancer. People are prescribed numerous amoun ts of dangerous and additives drugs, but the plethora of the syndromes that they encounter, can be solved by marijuana. Besides marijuana being harmless and having copious medical benefits, legalization of it will also lower crime rates dramatically. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s annual Uniform Crime Report, in 2012, there were 1,552,432 arrests for drug violations, and of those arrests, nearly half (48.3%) of the arrests were for marijuana. This number is only rising and legalizing marijuana will eliminate that number entirely. The United States has the largest jail population in the entire world. Fifty percent of the offenses are drug related, and of that 50%, 27.6% are marijuana related. Legalizing marijuana will reduce the prison population tremendously. Even President Barack Obama supports legalization stating â€Å"It’s important for it to go forward.† There is a marijuana arrest every 42 seconds, and there are more marijuana possession arrests every year, than all the violent criminal offenses combined. The polices are too focused on fighting marijuana, when they should be diverting all their efforts into catching murderers, robbers, and rapists; the

Dont Shoot The Messenger free essay sample

In June 1998, Billings Equipment Inc. formed a new business unit and opened a plant in Seattle to produce a new line of earth-moving machines for the construction industry. The organization had a history of impeccable ethical treatment of suppliers and was considered to be a leader in the industry. Early supplier involvement in prototype and testing activity was cultivated to encourage active participation in the development of this new product line by all that had a vested interest in its future. Everyone involved, including suppliers, invested personal time and effort toward meeting the market timelines. Purchase agreements were negotiated, and parts now were being received to support production ramped-up toward market introduction. The push to production forced acceptance of early design of many components, which inhibited additional cost reduction. As designs became frozen and cost information became more complete, the projected total costs were going to exceed target levels by as much as 20 percent. The general manager realized the rising cost situation was beyond recovery and would impact the market pricing and success of the entire product line. A letter was sent to suppliers on declaring the regrettable necessity to reduce prices by 10 percent within 30 days. Buyers were to follow up immediately by contacting their top 30 suppliers. Noncompliance could result into the re-opening of previously negotiated agreements, possible cancellation of the product line altogether, or the consideration of other sources of supply. Everyone was uncomfortable moving the supplier relationships from a cost-based approach to a simple request for price reduction. Shortly thereafter, the general manager made an announcement during a strategy meeting with buyers to push for an additional 5 percent price reduction; suppliers had already complied with the 10 percent price reduction. The implications of the latest price reduction request landed Jeff in a predicament of his responsibilities to the general manager against developed supplier relationships. If you were in Jeff’s position, what would you have done to preserve relationships? A good buyer-seller relationship is a partnership, a win-win situation over the long run. A supplier who is treated with courteousness, integrity, and fairness will deliver a superior product at the best price. They will also provide good service, and will be receptive to emergency situations and special requests. A supplier who is treated fairly and well is likely to communicate his positive experiences with your organization to his associates. The following are guidelines for successful Supplier Relationships (Smeltzer, L. 1997): Use established supplier partnerships to best leverage the collective volume Be fair. Give all qualified suppliers an equal opportunity to compete for business. Maintain integrity. A supplier’s pricing is confidential and should never be shared with another supplier for any reason. Be honest. Never inflate requirements to obtain better pricing. Negotiate in good faith. Don’t change the requirements and expect the supplier to hold his pricing. Be ethical. Procurement decisions should be made objectively, free from any personal considerations or benefits. Be reasonable. A supplier is entitled to a fair profit. Pay promptly. The purchase order you issue to the supplier is your promise to pay for the goods and services you buy in a timely manner (usually within 30 days). Businesses are increasingly relying on their suppliers to reduce costs, improve quality, and develop new processes and products faster than their rivals’ vendors can. Organizations have started to evaluate whether they must continue to assemble products themselves or whether they can outsource production entirely (Choi, T. 2004). The issue isn’t whether companies should turn their arms-length relationships with suppliers into close partnerships, but how (Choi, T. 2004). Experts agree that American corporations, like their Japanese rivals, should build supplier keiretsu: close-knit networks of vendors that continuously learn, improve, and prosper along with their parent companies (Choi, T.2004). Describe the ethical issues involved. Commitment and Trust are indicators of ethical behavior; along with collaboration, these are key necessities when building and developing relationships. Preservation of and commitment to a relationship is greatly hindered following a breach of social obligations, such as the unpredictable actions of others or a lack of confidence in the cooperative nature of the relationship (Eckerd, S. 2011). This was demonstrated when the additional 5 percent price reduction was pushed. When a buying firm is perceived by the supplier to have undertaken some unethical behavior, the norms of the buyer-supplier social contract are violated (Eckerd, S. 2011). This breach of the social contract may cause the supplier to lose confidence in the buying firm’s commitment to a stable and mutually productive relationship (Eckerd, S. 2011). The following are some behaviors that erode trust between suppliers and buyers (Smeltzer, L. 1997): Lying/bluffing Amend/change the contract/commitment Poor attitude Poor communication Instability Repetitive requests to define contract Leaking/sharing confidential information/privacy Failure to pay in timely manner The following are behaviors that indicate a trusting environment between suppliers and buyers (Smeltzer, L. 1997): Follow-through Information exchange Open communication Sharing of cost savings Sharing of technical advances Knowledge about product Honesty Mutual respect Many companies can point to the occasional success story of how collaboration with a key supplier produced significant value. Those companies that are able to institutionalize consistent collaboration with key suppliers recognize that radical cultural transformation is required (Hughes, J. 2008). This entails not only formalizing new ways of inter- acting with suppliers but also actively dismantling existing business processes and policies that impede collaboration (Hughes, J. 2008). What is your assessment of the general manager’s approach to meeting target cost objectives? Target costing, developed by Toyota during the 1960s, is a process for ensuring that a product launched with specific functionality, quality, and sales price can be produced at a life-cycle cost that generates a satisfactory level of profitability (Lockamy,A. 2000). US firms are more wedded to traditional cost management practices and have deployed target-costing systems more slowly and less widely (Lockamy,A. 2000). This is evident in the general manager pushing for the initial 10 percent price reduction and then next pushing for the additional 5 percent price reduction.

Managing Dynamic Technology Oriented Business Management

Question: Discuss about the Managing Dynamic Technology for Oriented Business Management. Answer: Inadequate information led to disaster in companies Kodak is one of the examples of organisation, which failed because of inadequate information. Kodak was bankrupt due as the company lost its edge in new technology competition. The company was unable to collect adequate information about the change in the technology of camera. The information system in any organisation plays important role in decision making. There is a direct relationship between management decision, organisation, information, decision-making, command and control. Many organisations faced disaster due to lack of information needed (Twati, 2014). The management of information system is a key to success. They did not move into the digital world and stick to the traditional technology used in camera and filmmaking. Due to inadequate information, the company was unable to develop a right business strategy for future. The digital revolution changes the business concept of camera and filmmaking. Other companies like Fuji started collecting mandatory information for adopting changes of the digital revolution. Kodaks management was unable to control the future vision of the company for digitalisation in photography industry (Wakolbinger, Fabian and Kettinger, 2013). There are different theories are available for human-related information practices. Social network theory explained the position of individual in different social groups. The individual have a different motivation in the direction of different information. This theory concludes that the original meaning of information is distracted the main objective and develop inadequate information (Lohikoski et al., 2014). The inadequate information becomes a disaster of Kodak and company become bankrupt. The social construction of technology is another theory, which focuses on the technological growth of social groups are influenced with their meaning in relation to the individual. This theory explains that society and individual misuse the original meaning of information. Kodak was failed to develop management of information system that led to the disaster of a company. The company has failed because it had the wrong information about the business. The management of company focus on film business, however, they should focus on storytelling business. Leadership is ultimately re sponsible for decision making for the organisation (Twati, 2014). Kodak has also gone through the various restructuring process, which affect the organisation and employees. There is social and organisation culture factor that influences the company to adopt information system. The organisational culture pressure decides the flow of information whether it is upward to downward or downward to upward. Generally, top level management resists them self with opposing and contrast. This enables them to take a decision after comparing with contrast situations. The inadequate information to top management makes them unaware about how the competition around them is changing (Wakolbinger, Fabian and Kettinger, 2013). The management of company always assumed that customer, value filmed based photo for their high quality. Kodak was lacking the innovation culture in an organisation and innovation is directly related to the information system. The decision making is a crucial process which requires management intuition and reasoning. Intuition is the feeling of a possible course of action that comes after a year of experience, whereas reasoning is the decision based on facts and figures. The effective decision making is not possible until management does not have enough information. Another problem is too much information that conflicts each other in the decision-making process. The digital revolution changes the mindset of the customer about photography. This gives freedom to the customer to save their photographs in many ways in digital format (Cox, White and Abernethy, 2014). It was also cheaper as a comparison to traditional hard print photograph. Another reason of company failure is inadequate information about target customers. The market has changed and the customer also changes, Kodak target cus tomers were women however business environment demographical changes made men as a target customer. Nokia Case Information is a crucial factor in any company which drives the industry more profitable and equitable in the market. Inadequate information led to disaster for any industry in the market. Information failure in any industry due to some reasons like organizations does not have a perfect knowledge of economic scenario and secondly, one organization knows better than the other about economic trends in the market (Quora, 2016). These scenarios arise due to unbalanced information in the market. In both the situation, there are chances of inappropriate use of resources, with customers paying too much or too less and the organizations or industries produce too much or too less. Nokia mobile phone is the example of failure from telecommunication industry that could not make an innovative move in the latest technology trends due to less or inadequate information. Nokia is Finland-based mobile company from has failed to share the information about innovative ideas into advanced technologies. Nokia management didnt communicate the adequate information to top management regarding the technological advancements in recent years (Nokia, 2016). After 2012, other mobile phones brands worked for latest technology such as Android but the top managers of the Nokia thought that company is too late to enter into the new technology due to high competition but they didnt know that Asian and European markets still expected from Nokia phone that it could do everything like other phones could do. Due to lack of market information, it developed the windows platform which cannot meet the requirement of customers that leads to the loss of brand value in the market. There are othe r competitors already entered on that time like Apple and Samsung to work on latest technologies and meet the market demands (Aspara et al., 2016). In organization, Nokia management did not adopt new strategies at the time of the adoption of new technologies in the market. Nokia management continuously worked on Symbian technology rather switch on new market trends. Due to lack of information to the management regarding competitors and technological advancements, Company has still struggled to retain its original market share (Ciesielska and Iskoujina, 2012). Company organization structure is designed by the managers to ensure good productivity and smooth flow of information regarding decision making. Managers follow the autocratic style of leadership in the organization while taking any decisions related to organization growth. This leadership affects the hierarchy level of the company. Employees cannot share the information and ideas due to the autocratic style of manager that lacks the productivity and growth of the employees. Another issue which creates a problem for Nokia is that the long chain of command creates problems f or business. Information flows from top to bottom and comes across various multiple layers creates conflicts in the organization (Laamanen, Lamberg and Vaara, 2016). It hinders the decision-making process of the company. Managers give important instructions to their employees regarding any issue that information flows from many levels that confuse the employees to take important decisions. The company faced the serious dilemma a few years back regarding the loss of production of cell phones due to some technical error. One of the supervisors from the technical team in the company not notified to the manager that hampers the thousands of production units of a cell phone. Information inadequacy influences the motivation of the employees in the company. The overall downfall of the company due to wrong decisions taken by the management is mostly due to irrelevant information and too much investment in the only one technology. Also, it finds that company chain of command led to Nokia being incompetent, slow, and inconsistent (Walter, Kellerman and Lechner, 2012). British Petroleum (BP) Oil disaster case British petroleum oil disaster is the worst case in the history of US. The explosion is between the sea and huge fire sets into the ship. It was the worst industrial disaster for the country. It was a huge explosion under deep water in the Gulf of Mexico on July 15, 2010.Eleven people dead and many of the missings still not found. It considered as the biggest accident in the history of the oil industry. In this case, the root cause of this accident was the lack of information about the leakage of oil and gas into the well by the employees and the top management. Top management has no information about the leakages of a toxic substance in the well for many days. Lack of timely exchange of information with the top management and lower level management led to the serious accident (Heller, 2012). The inadequate information led to disaster and this has been proven in the incidence of British Petroleum disaster. The technology creates many problems in the communication process. The social cognitive theory explains that individual influence behavioural change and development by social groups. The cognitive and emotional are the factors that mainly influence the individual decision making (Ye, 2014). British petroleum did not have adequate control over information of security and safety. This disaster is the result of inadequate information to the company management. The company management has taken a much wrong decision which results in this accident. The company ignore the safety information of the project required to run the operation more securely. The company took poor decisions like lack of proper test and experiment of the chemical before using them for the project (Gire et al., 2013). The engineering team analyse the accident and found that the risk was associated with cement floor and drilling process. The company was lacking effective information system that makes aware them about the risk associated with drilling and production process. The management did not have command and control over the operational information. The decision making becomes difficult when too many people involved in this process. The effective and fast decision can be taken by few people after analysing facts and figures. The company has changed its top management after this disaster for ineffective and wrong decision making. The management of the company held responsible for ignoring the adequate information required for correct decision making (Cox, White and Abernethy, 2014). The company has an expert of risk management team to stop disaster at any time. But due to late and inadequate information provided by the lower level management became situation more complex. Managers and employees does not make the proper planning about any type of crisis are happened in future. Risk management team did not give the adequate training and substantial information to all hierarchy levels in management due to rigid organization structure (NYC, 2016). Due to complex organization structure, information flows from various levels of management and it affects the decision-making process. Due to strict command and control of board and managers in the organization that lacks the free flow of information process in the company (Safford, Ulrich, and Hamilton, 2012).Effective and timely information communicate to every level of management led to stop any disastrous situation. Managers need to exchange of relevant information to all of their subordinates and junior level manageme nt so that they can take effective decisions at the time of critical incidents. References Quora (2016). Why did Nokia fail?[Online].Available at: https://www.quora.com/Why-did-Nokia-fail (Accessed by: 26 August 2016). Nokia (2016). 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